Pronouns
ܚܠܵܦܫܡܵܗܹ̈ܐ
Literally means instead of names
(Part Three)
ܚܠܵܦ ܫܡܵܐ
ܫܘܼܐܵܠܵܝܵܐ
interrogative pronoun
An interrogative pronoun is a pronoun used to ask a question.
|
ܡܵܢܝܼ ܝَܠܹܗ |
Who is he (Singular masculine) |
|
ܡܵܢܝܼ ܝَܠܵܗ̇ |
Who is she (Singular feminine) |
|
ܡܵܢܝܼ ܝܢܵܐ |
Who are (Plural masculine feminine) |
|
ܕܡܵܢܝܼ ܝَܠܹܗ |
Whose is (Singular masculine) |
|
ܕܡܵܢܝܼ ܝَܠܵܗ̇ |
Whose is (Singular feminine) |
|
ܕܡܵܢܝܼ ܝܢܵܐ |
Whose are (Plural masculine feminine) |
|
ܡܘܿܕܝܼ ܝَܠܹܗ |
What is (Singular masculine) |
|
ܡܘܿܕܝܼ ܝَܠܵܗ̇ |
What is (Singular feminine) |
|
ܡܘܿܕܝܼ ܝَܢܵܐ |
What are (Plural masculine feminine) |
|
ܐܲܝܢܝܼ ܝَܠܹܗ |
Which is (Singular masculine) |
|
ܐܲܝܢܝܼ ܝَܠܵܗ̇ |
Which is (Singular feminine) |
|
ܐܲܝܢܝܼ ܝܢܵܐ |
Which are (Plural masculine feminine) |
|
ܐܲܝܟܵܐ ܝَܠܹܗ |
Where is (Singular masculine) |
|
ܐܲܝܟܵܐ ܝَܠܵܗ̇ |
Where is (Singular feminine) |
|
ܐܲܝܟܵܐ ܝܢܵܐ |
Where are (Plural masculine feminine) |
|
ܟܡܵܐ ܝَܠܹܗ |
How much/many is (Singular masculine) |
|
ܟܡܵܐ ܝَܠܵܗ̇ |
How much/many is (Singular feminine) |
|
ܟܡܵܐ ܝܢܵܐ |
How much/many are (Plural masculine feminine) |
♱♱♱♱♱♱♱♱♱
ܚܠܵܦ ܫܡܵܐ ܥܵܛܘܿܦܵܝܵܐ
Reflexive pronouns
Reciprocal Personal Pronouns
Reflexive pronouns are words like myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves and themselves. They refer back to a person or thing. We often use reflexive pronouns when the subject and the object of a verb are the same. I cut myself when I was making dinner last night.
|
First Person ܦܲܪܨܘܿܦܵܐ ܩܲܕَܡܵܝܵܐ |
|
|
ܓܵܢܝܼ |
Myself (masc. & fem.) |
|
ܓܵܢܲܢ |
Ourselves (masculine & feminine) |
|
Second person ܦܲܪܨܘܿܦܵܐ ܬܪܲܝܵܢܵܐ |
|
|
ܓܵܢܘܼܟܼ |
Yourself (Singular masculine) |
|
ܓܵܢܵܟܼܝ |
Yourself (Singular feminine) |
|
ܓܵܢܘܿܟܼܘܼܢ |
Yourselves (plural masculine & feminine) |
|
Third person ܦܲܪܨܘܿܦܵܐ ܬܠܝܼܬܵܝܵܐ |
|
|
ܓܵܢܹܗ |
His self (Singular masculine) |
|
ܓܵܢܘܿܗ̇ |
Herself (Singular feminine) |
|
ܓܵܢܵܝܗ̈ܝ |
There selves (plural masculine & feminine) |
|
ܦܪܝܼܡܵܐ ܠܝܼ ܓܵܢܝܼ ܐܝܼܡܲܢ ܕܒܘܼܫܸܠܝܼ ܟܵܘܸܬܪܵܐ ܒܢܲܦ̮ܫܝܼ. I cut myself when I cooked lunch by myself. |
|
The word ܓܵܢܵܐ soul, which is thus connected with the suffixes, corresponds nearly to self in English. It may indeed have two different significations in the same sentence; e.g. ܓܵܢܵܐ ܕܓܵܢܝܼ my own soul, ܓܵܢܵܐ ܕܓܵܢܘܼܟܼ your own soul.
ܢܲܦ̮ܫܵܐ is also used in connection with the suffixes, but with a different meaning. If we wish to express the ideas: "by myself," "by yourself," etc., ܢܲܦ̮ܫܵܐ receives the suffixes, and has the preposition ܒ prefixed. Thus, ܒܢܲܦ̮ܫܝܼ by myself, is used like ܓܵܢܝܼ above.
♱♱♱♱♱♱♱♱♱
Indefinite and Distributive Pronouns
A distributive pronoun considers members of a group separately, rather than collectively.
Indefinite pronouns refer to someone or something in a nonspecific way.
|
ܟܠ * |
Any one, Every one |
|
ܡ̇ܢ or ܟܠ ܡ̇ܢ |
Any one, Every one |
|
ܟܠ ܚܲܕَ |
Each one |
|
ܟܠ ܕܗܵܘܹܐ |
Whomever, or Whatever, |
|
* it may be necessary to state that ܟܠ is written as in the classical language, and is to be pronounced kol. |
|
♱♱♱♱♱♱♱♱♱
